Zinc deposits are broadly classified on the basis of how they are formed. Zinc production map: World top zinc producers in percent of global supply produced in Sedex deposits account for more than 50 percent of the world's zinc resources and are formed when metal-rich hydrothermal fluids are released into a water-filled basin usually an ocean , resulting in the precipitation of ore-bearing material within basin-floor sediments.
The world's largest zinc mine, the Red Dog mine in Alaska, is developed in a Sedex deposit. MVT deposits are found throughout the world and get their name from deposits that occur in the Mississippi Valley region of the United States. The deposits are characterized by ore mineral replacement of the carbonate host rock; they are often confined to a single stratigraphic layer and extend over hundreds of square kilometers. MVT deposits were a major source of zinc in the United States from the 19th century through the midth century.
They also can contain significant amounts of copper, gold , and silver in addition to zinc and lead. The "black smoker" sea vents discovered during deep ocean expeditions are examples of VMS deposits being formed on the sea floor today.
In , zinc was mined in six different States; however, the United States imported 76 percent of the refined zinc used domestically, primarily from Canada, Mexico, Kazakhstan, and the Republic of Korea, in descending order.
Worldwide zinc consumption remained steady in , as increased consumption in countries with emerging markets such as China, Brazil, and India offset declining consumption in Europe and the United States, according to International Lead and Zinc Study Group statistics.
Although many elements can be used as a substitute for zinc in chemical, electronic, and pigment applications, the demand for zinc galvanized products remains strong, especially in regions where significant infrastructure projects are being developed.
The dramatic increase in the world's production supply and consumption demand of zinc in the past 35 years reflects demand in the transportation and communications sectors for such things as automobile bodies, highway barriers, and galvanized iron structures.
To help predict where future zinc supplies might be located, USGS scientists study how and where identified zinc resources are concentrated in the Earth's crust and use that knowledge to assess the likelihood that undiscovered zinc resources exist.
Techniques to assess mineral resource potential have been developed and refined by the USGS to support the stewardship of Federal lands and to better evaluate mineral resource availability in a global context. Specifically, the USGS found that less than million metric tons of zinc had been discovered in the United States and estimated that about million metric tons of zinc remained undiscovered. Learn Chemistry : Your single route to hundreds of free-to-access chemistry teaching resources.
We hope that you enjoy your visit to this Site. We welcome your feedback. Data W. Haynes, ed. Version 1. Coursey, D. Schwab, J. Tsai, and R. Dragoset, Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions version 4.
Periodic Table of Videos , accessed December Podcasts Produced by The Naked Scientists. Download our free Periodic Table app for mobile phones and tablets. Explore all elements. D Dysprosium Dubnium Darmstadtium. E Europium Erbium Einsteinium. F Fluorine Francium Fermium Flerovium. G Gallium Germanium Gadolinium Gold. I Iron Indium Iodine Iridium. K Krypton. O Oxygen Osmium Oganesson. U Uranium. V Vanadium. X Xenon. Y Yttrium Ytterbium. Z Zinc Zirconium. Membership Become a member Connect with others Supporting individuals Supporting organisations Manage my membership.
Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Youtube. Discovery date. Identified as an element in , but known to the Greeks and Romans before 20BC. Discovered by. Andreas Marggraf. Origin of the name. The name is derived from the German, 'zinc', which may in turn be derived from the Persian word 'sing', meaning stone. Melting point. Boiling point. Atomic number. Relative atomic mass. Key isotopes. Electron configuration. CAS number.
ChemSpider ID. ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database. Electronegativity Pauling scale. Common oxidation states. Atomic mass.
Half life. Mode of decay. Relative supply risk. Crustal abundance ppm. Top 3 producers. Top 3 reserve holders. Political stability of top producer. Political stability of top reserve holder. Young's modulus GPa. Shear modulus GPa. Bulk modulus GPa. Vapour pressure. Temperature K. Pressure Pa. Listen to Zinc Podcast. Transcript : Chemistry in its element: zinc Promo You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by Chemistry World , the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry.
End promo Chris Smith This week the chemical behind calamine lotion for itchy skin, anti dandruff shampoo for a flaky scalp and underarm deodorant for - well, I think we've probably all stood next to someone whom we wish knew a bit more about the chemistry of zinc. Brian Clegg There aren't many elements with names that are onomatopoeic. Chris Smith Bristolbased science writer Brian Clegg with the onomatopoeic element, zinc. The remaining one-fourth is consumed as zinc compounds mainly by the rubber, chemical, paint, and agricultural industries.
Zinc is also a necessary element for proper growth and development of humans, animals, and plants; it is the second most common trace metal, after iron, naturally found in the human body. Subscribe to receive an email notification when a publication is added to this page. Mineral Industry Surveys. Mineral Commodity Summaries. Canadian mine production of zinc, by province and territory, p Ranking Province Thousand tonnes Percentage of total 1 Manitoba World mine production of zinc, by country, p Ranking Country Thousand tonnes Percentage of total 1 China 4, World refined production of zinc, by country, p Ranking Country Thousand tonnes Percentage of total 1 China 6, World zinc reserves, by country, p Text version This circular chart shows the estimated world reserves of zinc in , by country and percentages.
Zinc, average monthly prices, — Text version This line graph shows the monthly average price in US dollars per tonne of zinc from to Notes and sources p preliminary Totals may be different because of rounding. All dollars are Canadian unless otherwise indicated. Report a problem on this page. Please select all that apply: A link, button or video is not working.
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